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The Zimmermann Telegram was also transmitted by another route. Nothing could have been further from the truth! This led the Swedes to believe that their codes had not been cracked. They were wrong, but no further complaint came from Britain. The Swedes responded by wrapping the German messages in Swedish codes, believing that Britain would now never know. Initially Britain objected to this breach of neutrality. The favourite route was through Sweden, a neutral country but with German sympathies. This forced German Atlantic messages to be passed via other countries or over wireless. The first British naval act of the war had been to sever the telegraph cable running from Germany to the US. The year was 1917 and Europe was in the grip of the 'Great War'. The story reveals so much about cryptology and the way it is used that it is relevant even today. In the 20th Century, the Zimmermann Telegram had truly global import. When cryptanalysis revealed the complicity of Mary Queen of Scots in the attempt to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I in the 16th Century, it was important continent-wide. In a few cases, however, the importance of the information wrested from the incomprehensible cipher is explosive. Usually the modification of a battle plan, a slightly improved briefing for a diplomat or better understanding of enemy intentions is all that can be effected. While many codes and ciphers have been used to protect the vital secrets of governments and armed forces through the most thrilling of historical events, it rarely falls to a cryptanalyst to change the course of history. The intercepted 'Zimmermann Telegram', the cryptanalysis of which brought the United States into the First World War, is the classic historical instance of the cryptanalysis of a Two-Part Code. The history of all codes, however, is littered with clear examples of how they were, indeed, broken. Two-Part Codes are rather harder to cryptanalyse in fact they can prove very difficult indeed. One-Part Codes are essentially quite easy to cryptanalyse, because for example the codegroup for 'cat' will always be alphabetically later than the codegroup for 'bat' and before the codegroup for 'dog'. This is a more secure solution but is more complicated to produce and the codebook becomes twice as bulky. Two-Part Codes have a randomised order of codegroups against the alphabetic order of the plaintext words. This means that only one list needs to be kept for encryption and decryption. One-Part Codes have the alphabetic order of the codegroups in the same order as the plaintext words. Codebooks are difficult to produce, expensive to distribute and time-consuming to replace. What is a Code?Ī code is a form of cryptography which takes words, groups of letters or entire sentences and replaces them with 'codegroups', secret and nonsensical terms, that can be transmitted securely 1.Ĭodes require the use of codebooks in order to function these are books containing the list of codegroups and the list of real words they relate to. This Entry looks at codes, and a particular example from history. There are various methods of encryption, including codes and ciphers. Cryptanalysis is the science of attempting to read the illegible information without the use of the secret key. Cryptography is the process of rendering language or writing illegible (encryption), then converting it back to legibility (decryption) by use of a secret key. That may also lend itself to the reason behind Luminous’ focus on traversal here. Welcome or not.īut is this not one of the genre’s more captivating appeals? The notion of a world to navigate, explore, discover for one’s self in piecing together its potentially social, cultural and geopolitical norms as that of an outsider? Forspoken taking that premise and making it rather more literal at the narrative level - Frey being plucked from her regular dwelling of Earth and finding herself in a completely new world. Any fan of RPGs should welcome the prospect and at least on the surface, for a team partially composed of those having worked on Final Fantasy XV, the grandiose, not-of-this-world spectacle and unfiltered flash of such, makes its return. Japanese construction mixed with a Western-based writing team that plucks Freya from out the wintry abode of New York and into the seemingly fantastical surroundings of Athia - Forspoken‘s primary setting. And above all else, its conception as an action RPG neither Western nor Eastern in make-up, but a synergy of both. Not helped by not one, but two delays to its original May release of this year. Not to get too drawn into the ongoing antics of social media, but to say Forspoken has found itself with a less-than-exciting reception in the build-up would be an understatement. A toggle in the options menu of its latest public demo released at the end of last week, allowing you to minimize - but not completely remove - the consistent and incessant one-liners offered up by the game’s main protagonist Frey and her sentient, talking cuff. If nothing else, Luminous have seemingly acknowledged that the game’s over-abundance of said dialogue will not be to everyone’s tastes. The kind of writing you either gravitate towards or feel immediately repulsed by. A brand of snark we’ve all in some manner come to know of. Cue the ridicule, the memes, the endless (though admittedly funny) copy-pasta implementation poking fun at Forspoken‘s style of dialogue. A work-in-progress years in the making, undone by a mere thirty second promotion released last August. What should’ve been their debut break from out the former Final Fantasy template - a game all about magic-based combat and magic-based parkour - has as of late become the latest laughing stock. In a way I have some sympathy for Luminous Productions. Or they can reinforce what prejudices and biases people may already hold against any one name. A tool by which faceless corporations and intellectual properties can provide a semblance of humility, personality and acknowledgment that “friendly banter” isn’t a bad thing. There are those who made their own parodies of the trailer and everything.Social media can be a force with great benefits or costly regrets. Several users joked that he looked like a Joss Whedon character because of the attempted superhero movie humor or that it just looked like a Tumblr post. 46diiLnQ7Mĭespite having the participation of Gary Whitta (Rogue One, Telltale’s The Walking Dead), amy hennig ( Uncharted) and Todd Stashwick, known for his career as an actor, the critics have been hit especially with the script of the game, or this trailer in particular. What part of the community did not like too much is the “ Instagram story” style, since it is a clip narrated over the top by the protagonist as if he were talking to his followers, breaking the fourth wall.Ī beautiful and cruel new land? twisted monsters? An array of magical abilities? Sentient jewelery!? Square Enix posted a new Forspoken trailer on their social media focused on its protagonist, Frey Holland, and his spectacular skills in action. Yes, PC gaming is an immensely important factor in many computer purchases, but the role the CPU plays in it-although vital-takes a backseat to the GPU. So yes, if you don’t want Bill Lumberg to tell you come in on Saturday (and Sunday mmm’kay?) you probably want your next Office PC to run a 12th gen chip. Digging into the scores, that translates to a 16 percent lead in Word, 20 percent lead in Excel, 3.4 percent in PowerPoint and somehow a 10 percent advantage in Outlook. Overall, the Core i5-12600K holds a respectable 13 percent lead over Ryzen 5 5600X. They’re not all simultaneously being “typed on” since that’s unrealistic, but they’re all launched and pictures, text and other bits are copied and pasted between them-just like you would in a real-life corporate world environment. While the old test ran each one after another, Procyon 2.0 now runs all of the apps at the same time. To look at Office performance, we use UL’s Procyon 2.0 Office Productivity test, which tasks Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook with a real-world, reality-based (and mind-numbingly boring) task of editing multiple documents rich with photos, art, and calculations. It’s basically a tie while applying filter effects.Īll of the video editing, photo editing and 3D rendering is sexy and fun, but you know what brings home the bacon for most people? Microsoft Office. Pugetbench actually gives the edge to the Ryzen 5 5600X in the export score by a commanding 21 percent. AMD’s Ryzen CPUs don’t ship with integrated graphics. That lead seems to come largely from the integrated graphics cores in the Intel CPU. Much of the advantage-which is indeed real-comes from the live playback score, where the 12th-gen Core i5 has a 92 percent advantage over the Ryzen 5. The overall score for PugetBench gives a downright shocking 64 percent performance lead to the Core i5-12600K over the Ryzen 5 5600X-but there’s more nuance to it. Premiere Pro, unlike Photoshop, can use far more CPU cores. To gauge performance there, we use Pugetbench for Premiere Pro, which measures performance in the popular video editor. Other than photo editing, video editing can be one of the most demanding tasks on a PC. That doesn’t surprise us, as Lightoom Classic tends to use more CPU cores than Photoshop. In the batch processing task that leans more on Lightroom Classic performance, the 12th-gen Core i5 opens its lead to 7 percent. Looking at the sub scores, we basically see a tie within the margin of error for the Image Retouch test, which is mostly Photoshop editing performance. Procyon 2.0’s overall score sees both chips actually close up a little, but the Core i5-12600K still edges the Ryzen 5 5600X by three percent. The benchmark scripts Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom Classic with several photo tasks. Geekbench is fun to shriek at people about on Twitter, but for something closer to reality we like to look at how fast the CPUs run actual applications, so first up is Procyon 2.0’s Photo Editing benchmark. So if your idea of a good time is compressing or decompressing files with 7-Zip, reach for Ryzen. We see the 12th-gen Core i5 is actually 13 percent slower in single-threaded compression and 10 percent slower in single-threaded decompression. We suspect 7-Zip either is sensitive to the latency of DDR5 or simply isn’t optimized for Alder Lake though because the single-threaded performance provides the first glimpse of a task where Ryzen is faster. If you did, however, the winner would be the Core i5-12600K, which pulls in a 7 percent advantage in decompression performance and 5 percent in compression performance over the Ryzen 5 5600X. 7-Zip is free, wonderful, and we recommend you check it out, but its built in benchmark is mostly academic since we’ve never seen it use all 16 threads of a CPU to compress or decompress a file. Moving on to the exhilarating world of compressing and decompressing your files, we use 7-Zip’s built-in benchmark to gauge that performance. To see the image above (or any benchmark charts in this article) at full resolution, right-click on them and select “open image in new tab.” Especially field studies to characterize RSA of mature field-grown crops involve laborious manual tasks that limit the achievable sample size. ĭeveloping new crop varieties includes both laboratory- and field-based studies. Yet, little is known regarding the relationship between root system architecture (RSA) and crop function with few examples linking root phenotype with genotype and phenotypic advantages under given field conditions. Breeding more efficient roots is increasingly recognized as a high-priority target to achieve yield improvements because roots are essential for nutrient and water uptake. Meeting this increased demand requires significant improvements in crop yield and the development of crop plants adapted to water-stress and low fertility soils. Global food demand is projected to double by the year 2050. We hope that easy data accessibility will attract new tool developers and spur creative data usage that may even be applied to other fields of science. All stored and computed data is easily accessible to the public and broader scientific community. As such it enables plant scientists to spend more time on science rather than on technology. It makes high-throughput RSA trait computation available to the community with just a few button clicks. It enables scientists to store, manage and share crop root images with metadata and compute RSA traits from thousands of images in parallel. DIRT is a high volume central depository and high-throughput RSA trait computation platform for plant scientists working on crop roots. The platform is accessible at and hosted on the iPlant cyber-infrastructure using high-throughput grid computing resources of the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC). ConclusionĭIRT is an automated high-throughput computing and collaboration platform for field based crop root phenomics. The DIRT platform seamlessly connects end-users with large-scale compute “commons” enabling the estimation and analysis of root phenotypes from field experiments of unprecedented size. DIRT is an online platform that enables researchers to store images of plant roots, measure dicot and monocot root traits under field conditions, and share data and results within collaborative teams and the broader community. Here, we present an open-source phenomics platform “DIRT”, as a means to integrate scalable supercomputing architectures into field experiments and analysis pipelines. Automated high-throughput phenotyping methods are increasingly used in laboratory-based efforts to link plant genotype with phenotype, whereas similar field-based studies remain predominantly manual low-throughput. Most prior approaches have solely focused on the estimation of root traits from images, yet no integrated platform exists that allows easy and intuitive access to trait extraction and analysis methods from images combined with storage solutions linked to metadata. Putting this potential into practice requires new methods and algorithms to analyze CRSA in digital images. These technologies have the potential to accelerate the progress in understanding the genetic control and environmental response of CRSA. Many new technologies have been developed to characterize crop root system architecture (CRSA). They are also under-explored targets to meet global food and energy demands. Plant root systems are key drivers of plant function and yield. I never understand why restaurant chains have vegan options in other countries around the world but not in the United States. Hand Tossed Crust Ingredients: Enriched Flour (Wheat Flour, Niacin, Reduced Iron, Thiamine Mononitrate, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Water, Soybean Oil, Contains 2% or Less of The Following: Sugar, Salt, Whey, Maltodextrin, Dextrose, Dough Conditioners (Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate, Enzyme with Wheat Starch, Ascorbic Acid, L-Cysteine Monohydrochloride), Yeast.Handmade Pan Crust Ingredients: Enriched Flour (Wheat Flour, Niacin, Reduced Iron, Thiamine Mononitrate, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Water, Palm Oil, Contains 2% or Less of The Following: Soybean Oil, Sugar, Salt, Whey, Natural Butter Flavor, Soy Lecithin, Maltodextrin, Dextrose, Dough Conditioners (Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate, Enzyme with Wheat Starch, Ascorbic Acid, L-Cysteine Monohydrochloride), Yeast.Gluten-Free Crust Ingredients: Rice Flour, Water, Potato Starch, Rice Starch, Modified Rice Starch, Potato Flour, Tapioca Starch, Cane Sugar, Yeast, Contains Less Than 2% of the following: Honey, Canola Oil, Salt, Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Calcium Propionate (Preservative), Cellulose Gel, Xanthan Gum, Cellulose Gum.Brooklyn Crust Ingredients: Enriched Flour (Wheat Flour, Niacin, Reduced Iron, Thiamine Mononitrate, Riboflavin, Folic Acid), Water, Soybean Oil, Contains 2% or Less of The Following: Sugar, Salt, Whey, Maltodextrin, Dextrose, Dough Conditioners (Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate, Enzyme with Wheat Starch, Ascorbic Acid, L-Cysteine Monohydrochloride), Yeast.Unfortunately, most of Domino's pizza crusts contain animal ingredients. You could order the pasta with pizza sauce instead. The bad news is that the hearty marinara sauce contains dairy. The good news is that the penne pasta is vegan. Feel free to order one of the vegan dipping sauces to go with it. This sandwich comes with onions, diced tomatoes, roasted red peppers, hot banana peppers and butter flavored oil. Mediterranean Veggie Sandwich - order without the Feta, Provolone, or American cheeses. There is one sandwich option that can fit in with a vegan diet with modifications.
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MacBook Pro 13.3" Retina, MacBook Air 13" Retina, MacBook Air 13.3"(2020, M1): 2560x1600 Dual monitor: In todays video Im sharing with you how to make your android home screen aesthetic Im customizing my Samsung S10+ (s10 plus) with a pink aesthetic theme. That being said, if you consider applying the present version, download and install the package. Therefore, if you wish to install this release, simply make sure that your computer OS is supported, save the package, extract it if necessary, run the available setup, and follow the on-screen instructions for a complete installation.īear in mind that, even though other platforms might be compatible, we do not recommend applying this software version on configurations running under OSes other than the specified ones. In case additional keyboard accessories are connected, this step can also improve the bundle's overall stability and compatibility, as well as performance. This will also make it possible for owners to configure additional hotkeys. Install the proper keyboard software and your system will be able to recognize the device and use all available features. Close the wizard and perform a system reboot to allow changes to take effect. Follow the instructions displayed on-screen. Read and agree with the License Agreement to proceed with the installation process. Allow Windows to run the file (if necessary). Locate and run the available setup file. ZIP archives: Extract the file and enter the newly-created directory. Save all work in progress and close open applications. Click the Download button and follow the steps for saving the package on your computer. To install this package please do the following: We’re excited to ask you to join us in these early access stages to help us create the best software possible. We apologize for any inconvenience as a result of this problem, and any users that have issues with iCUE and their DRAM should reach out to our tech support team at for assistance.ĬORSAIR iCUE is an ambitious undertaking that, when complete, will provide you with more monitoring, lighting, and fan control capabilities than ever before. Users on existing versions of 5.0 and 5.1 should upgrade to this version of iCUE immediately. As a result, we have temporarily removed the XMP Profile Manager feature and will re-implement it once we are able to provide a fix. We were able to identify an issue with the XMP Profile Manager affecting users with CORSAIR DDR4 memory in iCUE. We are confident that this change to iCUE will make our platform flexible and efficient, as we continue to both improve the features in the software and make your experience a memorable one. Instead, you will only be prompted to update if there are changes to your modules or if you have new products that are supported in iCUE. Users will also be able to choose and install specific third-party plugins from our partners that share our ecosystem.Īfter this update, iCUE will no longer require a complete uninstallation and installation of the software. If in the future, you add more iCUE products for your setup, iCUE will automatically detect them and install the additional modules you need for the products to be fully supported. For example, if iCUE only detects a K100 RGB Air Wireless keyboard, then the software will only download two modules: iCUE Core and the K100 RGB Air Wireless module.Īs a result, iCUE will no longer need to host the files to support products you currently do not own yet and will now only take up a fraction of the hard drive space compared to previous versions. To address the previous experience of iCUE having a large footprint (3+ GB), we have streamlined the experience by only installing what is required to support your products. Instead, users will be downloading a very small installer that, when started, will uninstall existing versions of iCUE and automate the downloading and installation of the necessary modules. With iCUE’s new modular infrastructure, it will no longer consist of a single large package. With the latest update to iCUE, we have changed how iCUE will be installed and updated. Ookla has more experience with running a network speed testing service, through their popular tool. A normal globe-means-internet or a router icon would be preferred, as it caused me some confusion as to which network interface was being used for testing. Uses Wi-Fi signal icon for networking, even though I tested with Ethernet. Both apps defer the decision as to what network interface to use for testing to Windows, but Ookla confuses the issue with a poor icon choice. This is a bit confusing when you’re testing with a device with both a wired Ethernet connected as well as a wireless Wi-Fi connection as there’s no way to determine what network interface is used. OST uses the regular Wi-Fi signal icon to represent networking throughout the app. Ookla Speedtest is almost the same, but chooses to fill the whole screen with the three most recent results instead. The Microsoft Network Speed Test app lists previous tests in a plain table and don’t utilize available screen space all that well. There isn’t much else to these apps except for the networking speed tests except that both apps keep histories of your previous test results. Microsoft designed an app for the United States market - where bandwidth is expensive and speeds are slow - and Ookla designed an app for the international market where speeds often exceed 50 MBps. This is probably the result of different design cultures. I also find it telling that the “speedometer” user interface for Microsoft Network Speed Test app only goes up to 50 MBps whereas Speedtest by Ookla can measure up to 500 MBps before the needle surpasses the maximum value. The app has been updated four times in the Windows Store since the first time I alerted them about their incompetence the issue. I’ve contacted Microsoft about the issue two times, first in September 2015 through multiple channels but haven’t receive any sort of acknowledgment of the issue. Ookla’s app doesn’t have any such problems. This makes the test results from Microsoft’s app entirely untrustworthy as you’re never sure what you’re testing against. Quite a few ISPs still runs web caches to speed up networking for their customers (and save on costs if bandwidth is expensive in the area.) This may cause issues for anyone testing their network speeds behind a web cache/accelerator or other caching appliance, or who is running a web accelerator software on their computers. The 2,5 GBps speed is maxing out what my local network can perform rather than the external network which is usually what you want these types of services to reliably test. The result I get are between my local Windows PC and my local Squid web cache server over fiber optic cable and 10 gigabit network cards. Since the test downloads don’t specify any caching headers, caches will just store these by default. Files hosted on this platform aren’t assigned any caching policies out of the box, and Microsoft’s team working on the Network Speed Test app didn’t configure any caching headers for their test “ blobs”/files. So, what is going on here? After some digging, I found out that Microsoft tests download speeds against Azure Storage Blobs, part of Microsoft Azure “cloud offerings”. Microsoft Network Speed Test inexplicably measures 2,6 GBps. Ookla Speedtest measures my download speed at 160 MBps, which is slightly above the expected 150 MBps my ISP promises. When I run speed tests with the two apps, I get quite different results. Azure has no local presence in Africa, Russia, and only one in South America. That is still 34 regions around the world, but you’re limited to testing against only one. Microsoft Network Speed Test ( MNST) can only test against the geographically closest Microsoft Azure data center. Through partnerships with large web hosting providers and internet service providers ( ISP), Ookla can not only tell you how fast your internet connection is to servers in your region but anywhere in the world with over 6000 test servers to choose from. Ookla Speedtest ( OST) has a wide network of servers you can test your network speed against scattered all across the world. Which is the better network speed testing app for Windows: Microsoft Network Speed Test or Ookla Speedtest? One wins by default as the other is entirely incompetent and created without much knowledge of decades old technologies! |
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